2. General loads

Note

The NEN standards can be found at Connect.NEN

This section will explain what possible loads and load combinations can act on a structure. Loads are part of the greater group of ‘actions’. ‘Actions’ comprise all possible infuences on a structure (e.g. temperature differences). In most cases the words ‘actions’ and ‘loads’ are synonyms. Most information will be stated in tables and diagrams. From these the actions can easily be determined. Before the design of a structure can start, the designer must have a clear idea of the structure that needs to be built. Or, put differently: what will be the functions of the structure? From the functions of the structure the use of the structure can be determined. Once the use of a structure is known, the possible actions can also be derived.

1. Idea of the structure

2. Possible functions

3. Use

4. Loads

First the loads, limit states and load combinations will be attended to. After this introduction the different permanent and variable loads will be adressed.

• 2.1. Structural safety
• 2.2. Loads and limit states
• 2.3. Permanent loads
• 2.4. Variable loads 1: buildings
• 2.5. Variable loads 2: wind
• 2.6. Variable loads 3: rain and snow
• 2.7. Variable loads 4: special
• 2.8. Deformation limits

Caution!

The information in this section is a simplified representation of the Eurocode, and therefore only fit for design purposes. It cannot be used for the final strength verification!